Pentylene Glycol

What is it?

Pentylene Glycol is a humectant and preservative booster. It can also help reduce tackiness in formulations, and in some formulations may be sufficient as a standalone preservative.

It can be naturally and synthetically sourced, so check with your supplier.

INCI

Pentylene Glycol

Appearance

Clear liquid

Usage rate

Evonik:

  • Emulsions: 1–3% with a co-active, 5% alone
  • Surfactant/aqueous products: 3–5%
  • “Do not exceed 4 % for eye care and sensitive skin products”

CIR limit of 5% in leave-on and rinse-off products.

Scent

Nothing noticeable

pH

7.5

Effective pH

Up to 12

Solubility

Water soluble

Why do we use it in formulations?

Pentylene Glycol is a humectant that lowers water activity and boosts preservative performance. It can also help reduce tackiness.

Do you need it?

No, but it might be worth sourcing if you are interested in experimenting with hurdle technology.

Refined or unrefined?

This ingredient only exists as a refined product.

Strengths

Good humectant and preservative booster.

Weaknesses

It’s not as easy to get as other glycols like Propanediol 1,3 and also tends to be more expensive.

Alternatives & Substitutions 1,2-Hexanediol would be my top choice.

Other humectants like butylene glycol and propanediol 1,3 could work, but they do not lower water activity as much as pentylene glycol.

How to Work with It

Pentylene Glycol can be hot or cold processed. Evonik recommends including it before emulsification, but notes it can also be added during the cool down phase.

Storage & Shelf Life

Stored somewhere cool, dark, and dry, Pentylene Glycol should last at least 2 years.

Tips, Tricks, and Quirks

Pentylene Glycol can be made from natural or synthetic source ingredients; naturally sourced versions are typically more expensive.

Skin Chakra reports concentrations above 5% may be sufficient to make a formulation self preserving.

Recommended starter amount

30mL (1fl oz)

Where to Buy it

 Buy it from an online DIY ingredient supplier.

Want to learn more about preservatives and compare them? Check out this chart!

Some Formulations that Use Pentylene Glycol

Originally published on October 19, 2025